2.Chen, C.H., 1980. Primary studies of demersal fish resources investigations on trawl grounds at Kanmu seamount. Bulletin of Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute 32:317-338
3.Nakabo, T. (ed.). 2013. Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species. Third Edition. Tokyo: Tokai University Press. 2428 pp
形態特徵:
胸鰭條數:11-14;腹鰭軟條數:6-8;背鰭軟條數:5-7;臀鰭軟條數:10-13;脊椎骨數:54-62;發光器排列:IP 8-12, PV 17-23, VAV 22-28, AC 9-13, IC 62-69, OV 17-22, VAL 22-28, OA 41-48;眼下的發光器呈圓形,前上頜骨具發達的犬齒,第三根犬齒明顯小於第四根。不具下頜鬚。身體呈銀色,體披有大型且易脫落的鱗片。(2015/12/16李茂熒、林沛立編寫)