Nakabo, T. (2002) (Ed.) Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species, English edition. Tokai University Press. Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species. Second edition. v. 2: i-vii + 867-1749.
形態特徵：
背鰭鰭條X, 15；臀鰭鰭條II, 14；胸鰭鰭條24-25；腹鰭鰭條I,5。鰓耙11-12+19=30-31。側線鱗52-53。體長為頭長之3.8倍；為體高之4.0-4.1倍；為胸鰭長之6.7-7.1倍。頭長為眼徑之4.3-4.7倍；為眼間距之2.8-3.0倍。身體較為延長，圓筒狀。頭部小，前方略圓。口小，亞端位，向後延伸略超過眼睛前緣。眼中大，具發達之眼脂，眼瞼不甚發達。上下頜各具三排不規則大小細齒。鋤骨及腭骨不具齒。兩個明顯分開之背鰭，第一背鰭起點後於胸鰭基部。第二背鰭相對較第一背鰭低，最後幾個鰭條游離。胸鰭小，僅達身體中線之前。腹鰭短，插入點在胸鰭基部之後，最內之鰭條與身體相連。尾鰭深叉型。鱗片較大，僅覆蓋於眼睛後方；頭部前半光滑不具鱗。咽鰓囊(pharyngeal sacs)一對。體色一致黑褐色，鰓蓋具有一暗色斑。背部黑褐色；側邊銀白色；背鰭及胸鰭較黑；尾鰭黃，具黑緣。愛氏無齒鯧(Ariomma evermannia Jordan & Snyder, 1907)為其同種異名。
Phylum Chordata 脊索動物門
Class Actinopterygii 條鰭魚綱
Nakabo, T. (2002) (Ed.) Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species, English edition. Tokai University Press. Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species. Second edition. v. 2: i-vii + 867-1749.
臺灣魚類資料庫
世界魚庫 FishBase
